Principal of Operation of a Clayton Steam Generator

Copyright © 2007

The reason for the many advantages of the Clayton Steam Generator is, what we call, the Forced Circulation Monotube Coil Concept. This operates on a simple but ingenious principle.

The boiler feedwater is pumped by means of a specially designed Clayton Pump and is forced through a single heating coil. The steam/water mixture from the outlet of the coil is then passed to a high efficiency centrifugal separator. Steam quality from a Clayton Steam Generator is up to 99.5% dry saturated.
 

The Clayton Steam Generator Range
The nominal specifications for the standard range of Clayton ‘E’ model Steam Generators are shown on our data sheets.

These are available as: -
EG - Gas Fired
EO - Light Oil
EHO - Heavy Fuel Oil
EOG - Dual Fuel (Light Oil and Gas)
EHOG - Dual Fuel (Heavy Oil and Gas)  

The range of Supper Efficient Clayton Steam Generators may be fitted with economiser sections, to improve efficiency even further. These are designated by the prefix SE.

Low NOx models are designated with the suffix LN.

The maximum available steam outlet pressure varies depending on generator model. Standard pressure ranges are shown on the data sheets and special models providing steam pressures up to 200 barg can be supplied on most sizes.

The smallest Clayton Steam Generator Model E-10 has a net heat output of 96kW and has an equivalent output of saturated steam of 157 kg/h.

The largest Clayton Steam Generator Model E-704 has a net heat output of 6,867kW and an equivalent output of saturated steam of 10,960 kg/h.

Superheated steam models are also available and multiple steam generator installations are ideal for higher steam flow requirements.


The Main Components

The Clayton Coil
The coil of a Clayton Steam Generator is of a unique design which has been developed for optimum heat transfer at all steam output levels.

The coil is a single water tube which is stacked in spirally wound layers in the upper section of the Clayton Steam Generator and forms a ‘water wall’ around the combustion chamber of the lower section. The configuration of the coil as well as the variation in the tube diameter, spacing between layers and spacing between tube turns in different temperature zones of the coil are all carefully designed to maximise efficiency and thereby minimising fuel consumption.

The spiral construction of the coil is extremely robust and counteracts the effects of expansion during rapid heating and cooling cycles. The coil also undergoes in-house heat treatment to eliminate stresses and each coil is tested at high pressure.

An added advantage of the single coil design is that the internal condition can be monitored by observing the pressure of the feedwater at the coil inlet. In the case of oil fired units, soot blowing facilities are provided to remove deposits from the outside of the coil.